Been around this game awhile, here are just some of my insights...or opinions.
Gold is nothing more that a team that is signed up as an ASA Gold team. That means, they can ONLY play ASA Gold qualifiers when it comes to ASA sanctioned tournaments. Once participating, they cannot drop down to "A" or anything else. So essentially, anyone can be a Gold team, however it is only available at the 18u level.
What it means to be Gold?
A long time ago Gold was supposed to be summer ball for signed softball athletes and young college players who were 18u eligible to compete at a high level. Since then, it has been diluted to basically ASA A+. Don't get me wrong, the very best teams in the country compete at the Gold level, however you are finding teams that would have trouble making the ASA A Nationals now trying to compete at Gold. However, the majority of teams at an ASA Gold regional or sector are the creme of the crop from their respective areas. And certainly the ones who make it to Nationals are the best teams in the country for that given year.
Then you have teams who want to use "Gold" as a status symbol...MANY teams are the "Team Gold", however they are not even registered as a gold team....so either they just love the color or are softball posers.
Having said this, there are some solid 18u A teams that fear registering Gold because of the "All or nothing" system. If they don't make the field of 64 in the entire country...no nationals, unless they choose a different sanction. But these teams are not the caliber of the teams that typically play in Gold nationals.
PLAY BALL!